Morocco's capital for centuries and is one of the largest and best-preserved medieval Islamic cities in the world.
Fez is one of Morocco's oldest and most important cities, known for its well-preserved medieval medina (Fes el-Bali). It is renowned for its labyrinthine streets, historic mosques, madrasas (religious schools), and bustling souks (markets), including the famous Chouara Tannery, where hides are dyed and processed using natural materials such as saffron and pigeon droppings.
Arab traders and scholars contributed to Fez's emergence as a centre of learning and culture during the medieval period, with the establishment of the University of Al Quaraouiyine, one of the oldest continuously operating universities in the world.